Improved machine for making bolts



2 sheets -shet- 1.

11B. LOGKE. MAGHINE FOR MAKING BOLTS.

No. 88,493: Patented Mar. 30, 1869.

, 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

'E.B.LOOK E. MAGHINE FOR MAKING BOLTS.

Patented Mar". 30, 1869.

EDWIN B LIOCKE, OF EXET'E'RpNEW HAMPSHIRE.

Letters Patent No. 88.493, dated M 30, 1869.

IMPROVED MACHINE FOR MAKING BOLTS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of thesame:

To all to whom these presents shall come:

Be it known that I, EDWIN B. LOCKE, of Exeter, in

the county of Rockingham, and State of New Hampshire, have made aninvention of an Improved Machine for Producing Bolts, Rivets, 850.; anddo hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, due reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, making part of this specification,

and in which-- Figure 1 is a perspective view, and

Figure 2, vertical and transverse sections of the machine, taken throughthe forming dies, to be hereinafter explained.

Figure 3,.a vertical and longitudinal section of the machine, talienthrough the beater for forming the bolt: heads, to be: referred tohereafter.

The constituent parts of the machine comprising the v subject-matter ofthese Letters Patent consist of invstrumentaiitfes for seizing thematerial, and grasping the body of a bolt, rivet, or other kindredarticle, and of forming a head thereupon, as well as of a device forcutting the bolts, &c., of the desired length, the latter trough, orguide, in which was disposeda sliding plunger, the trough firstadvancing to the dies,.andenc1osing a portion of the iron rod designedfor forming the head of the bolt, and the plunger subsequently advancingwithin the trough, and condensing or compressing such metal therein, andby this means completing the head of the bolt. I I

'This arrangement.of parts is to a considerable extent complicated audclumsy, and. one object I have had in view in organizing my presentmachine, is to avoid several objections incident to such construction ofparts.

My invention further relates to means for obtaining a morepo'werfulaction upon the movements of the forming-die than has heretofore beenaccomplished.

The invention consists- First, in the construction of the forming-dies,whereby such dies are compelled to form the body of .the bolt, to holdit securely in position while heading it, and to constitute a chamber,or enclosure, within which to form the head of such hoit, the beating upor forming of such head being effected by means of a sliding bar, orheater, mounted upon and carried by a movable carriage, thereciprocating movements of such carriage being efi'coted by meanshereinafter explained.

Secondly, the invention consists in the employment of two sliding bars,provided with cam-grades, of different-ial angle and power, one of suchgrades being intended to effect a quick movement of the movable die whenapproaching its mate, and when little power is required, and the latterbeing to complete such movement when forming the bolt-head, with a greatincrease .of power, the same being as hereinafter described.

Referring to the drawings, before mentioned as accompanying'thisspecification, and which illustrate my invention, the reader will seethatthe machine is denoted by the letter A, as composed of a suitablebedplate, or table, a, supported upon four legs, I) b bl), the framethus constituted possessing sufficient solidity and strength to'supportthe operative parts of the machine.

The driving-shaft of the machine is shown at B, as mounted transverselyupon the rear end of the table a, and supported in suitable bearings OG, erected thereupon, such driving-shaft carrying'upon its outer end asuitable driving and fly-wheel, D.

The dies for forming the bolt are shown at o o',,the former being thestationary, and the latter the movable die.

- ,These dies are each divided into two portions, d c andd e, of whichthe former constitute the headingportion, and the latter the portion forsupporting the shank of the bolt. 1

--.'The stationary die 0 is disposed within a box or'enclosure, f,erected upon the forward part of the ma chine-bed, and to one side ofits centre, while the die a is supported within a sliding carriage, d,playing 7 within an enclosure, or guide, it, making'part of the 1machine-bed, in such mannerasvto be caused to approach and reoede fromthe stationary die 0, the two dies 0 and 0 being counterparts of eachother, and in horizontal and longitudinal alignment with each other.

The reciprocating rectilinear movements of the car- 'riage g areelfected by two sliding-bars U, which are disposed upon the uppersurface of the machine-bed, and at right angles with the driving-shaftthereof, the outer or forward end of these bars beingformed withcam-grades It I, to impinge against two inclined faces an it, formedupon the rear side of the movable die carriage 'g- The two bars 11 jplaced alongside of each other, and with their rear ends in alignmentwith two segmental cams o 1), fixed upon' the driving-shaft D, suchsliding bars being retracted toward such cams, and away from thedie-carriage, by springs, suitably applied to their under side, and tothe machine-frame, v the bar j being so'situated, with respect to itsfellow and the two cams 0 p, as to be first advanced, and produce aportion of the advance movement of .the movable die, the subsequentadvance of the bar t completing such movement of the die. g

The cam-grade Z of the barj, and the inclined face n of the carriage g,are of such respective angles as to produce a sudden and quick partialforward movement of the movable die toward its mate, while the cam-grade7:. and inclined face I are disposed at such an acute angle, withrespect to each other, as to complete the movement of the-die at a muchslower rate of speed,,but with greatly increased power, it beingunderstood, and will be seen by referring-to the accom pan ying drawing,that the outer bearing of the bar j is its fellow-bar 'i, while theouter heal-ingot the laiter is the outstanding rim, or ledgewhichfpartiallyeuclnses the carriage g.

The retraction of the sliding carriage is caused by a spring suitablyapplied to it, and to the-ledge last mentioned, or by any suitablemeans.

The sliding carriage, carrying the header for forming the head of thebolt, is shown at E, as disposed upon the top of themachine-bed, andsliding within ways, or guides f f, formed thereupon, such carriagebeing disposedat right angles to the driving-shaft, and a plunger, orheading-tool, G, suitably combined therewith, the disposition of thesliding carriageand its header being such, that the latter shall be-iuaxial a-ligmnent with the recesses of the dies 0 c, the heading-portionof such recesses being of such a size, with respect to the plunger, aswhen in contact with each other, to be filled by it.

The reciprocating movements of the sliding carriage E are effected asfollows:

A vibrating arm, 8, is pivoted to one side of the said carriage, andwith its rear extremity in alignment with a cam, t, fixed to thedriving-shaft, a revolution of such cam, by means of the arm s, havingthe effect of advancing the plunger G, the retraction of such plunger orits carriage being eEect-ed by a spring, a, suitably applied to itsunder part, and to the machine-bed, or

by any suitable means. The peculiar disposition of the vibrating arm 8,with' respect to the cam t, enables great power .to be had over theplunger, the advance of such plunger within the head-receiving portions(1' d of the. dies being carried so far, with respect to the shankportion thereof, asto form a head upon the bolt of any desired depth,the plunger beingapplied to its carriage in an'adjustablc manner, inorder to vary the extent'of its entrance within the dies, in order toproduce heads'of varying depth.

The disposition of the cams 0, p, and t,with respect to the sliding barst' and j, and the carriage E, are such that the former shall first causethe dies to meet, and the plunger subsequently to enter such dies, andform the head of the boltgthe sliding bar 6, during such process ofheading the bolt, serving, with the aid of the ledge 71, beforementioned, as a solid, unyielding abutment, to maintain the dies incontact.

The above-described combination and organization of parts comprise theprincipal features of-my invention, and serve to form a bolt.

To enable mechanics, to whom this specification is chiefly addressed, tounderstand its operation, the following brief description will suffice.-

A rod, or barof iron, at a red heat, is'to be inserted. between the dies0 and c, and so far'into the headportions thereof practice shalldetermine proper for giving the requisite head to the bolt. A revolutionof the driving-shaft, by means of the cams 0, p, and t, first closes thedies, and grasps thestem, or body of the bolt, and subsequently advancesthe'plunger, and prodnces't-he head. of such bolt. .lhe passage of thesaid cams'past thc'bars ij, and the carriage E, allowing such parts, andthe die-carriage g, to return to their normal positions, as shown infig, 1' of the drawings.

The dies' 0 c may-be so constructed as to seq-er the bolt from the bar,orbIank simultaneous with the act of'fiu-miug it, in which case thebolt, upon separation of the dies, would fall through an orifice, u,made in the machine-bed, below such dies; This, however, wonld'prmlucebolts of unvarying length, which, in practice, would not be desirabl Thesecondary, or incidental features of my invention, as before premised,consist of a cutter, adapted for convenience in cutting bolts ofrcquisite' length.

1-1, in the accompanying drawings, denotes a sliding carrier, supportedupon the front edge of the machinebed, to one side thereof, andparallel, or thereabouts, to the axis of the driving-shaft. To suchcarrier H, I

and): a shearing-plate; while in alignment therewith, I

atfix to the abutment, or extension 3 before mentioned, a secondshearing-plate, a, the two plates serving as shears, to cut theboltsdnto requisite lengths.

The advance of the sliding carrier H is effected by a sliding bar, I),disposed upon the upper surface of the machine-bed, and to one side ofthe boxy, before mentioned as containing the stationary die 0, suchsliding bar being disposed alongside of a secondsliding bar, a", and thetwo being supported in suitable guides, or ways (1 d, and operating inconnection with two wiper-cams, e f, Figiue 4, fixed to one extremity ofthe driving-shat't, in such a manner that, upon a revolution of suchcams, the bar I) shall first advance, and by impinging against thecarrier H, advance such carriage, and its cutter, while the bar a shallsubsequently retractthe carrier to its normal position.

To accomplish these movements, the forward extremity of the bar I), andthe inner face of the carrier H, are formed with angles, or inclinedgrades g h.

In like manner, the sliding bar 0 is formed with an angular termination,'i, to work withina corresponding shaped recess, formed in the rear faceof the punchcarrier. H.

The retraction of the bars bc is efiected by springs k k, or other meanssuitably applied.

To adapt the machine above described to making rivets, which it is wellknown are provided with round, convex heads, the heading-dies d d are tobe changed for others, suitably formed, to present such shaped heads.

This change maybe made very expeditiously, and with little trouble, andin-this respect my machine possesses great advantages over'others inuse.

I would call the readers attention to the fact that the beater,or'plunger G performs another important oflice, in addition to-that offorming the head of the bolt, that is, it serves as a gauge to regulatethe insertion of the iron rod within the dies, in order to produce headsof different depths.

The plunger-carriage, in addition to the movement which forms the head,has a preliminary and short movement imparted to it by an auxiliary cam,Z',*fixed to the driving-shaft, alongside of the cam t, the said camimpinging against the rear end of the carriage,

and being so situated, with respectto the cam t, as to cause a shortmovement of the carriage and plunger, in advance of the general movementeflecte'd by such cam 27, this preliminary movement of the plumgerbringing it to such a position that theiron rod,

upon being introduced between the dies, shall abut against it, and, asbefore observed, determine the proportionable amouutof such rod to beadmitted to form the head of the bolt. As the plunger is applied to itscarriage in an adjustable manner, this advance of the plunger may bevaried at pleasure.

Ola/Ems.

I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, as follows:

1. I claim the arrangement and combination of the sliding bars taud j,'with the carriage g, the former being provided with the differentialcam-grades 7t and l, and the latter with the inclines-m and u, the wholeoperating in manner and for the purpose as before explaiued.

2. I claim, as a means of operating tl'ie'cutter carrier H, thecombination and arrangementpf the bars I) .aud cfl such bars beinginclined upon their forward

